Maximum power transfer theorem Maximum power transfer theorem states that,” Maximum power output is obtained from an A.C circuit when the load impedance is equal to the complex conjugate of the internal impedance of the circuit as seen from the terminals of the load.” Maximum power transfer theorem is particularly useful for analyzing communication circuits … Read more
Norton’s Theorem Norton’s theorem states that,” With respect to the terminal pair AB, the network N may be replaced with a current sources IN in parallel with an internal impedances ZN or RN. The current source IN, called the Norton’s current is the current that would flow from A to B when the terminals A … Read more
Thevenin’s Theorem Thevenin’s theorem states that,” With respect to terminal pair AB, the network N may be replaced by a voltage source Vth in series with an internal impedance Rth. The voltage source Vth called the Thevenin’s voltage is the potential difference(VA-VB) between the terminal A & B, Rth is the internal impedance of the … Read more
Superposition Theorem Superposition theorem states that” In an active linear network containing several sources(including dependent sources) , the overall response(branch current or voltage) in any branch in the network equals the algebraic sum of the responses of each individual source considered separately with all other sources made inoperative, i.e replaced by their internal resistances or … Read more
Reciprocity Theorem Reciprocity theorem states that, “The ratio of excitation to response remains invariant in a reciprocal network with respect to an interchange between the points of application of excitation and measurement of response.” Explanation of Reciprocity Theorem Consider a reciprocal network N as a black box with only two branches 1 and 2. Suppose … Read more
Kirchhoff’s Laws Gustav Robert Kirchhoff derived two fundamentals laws applicable to any electrical circuit. This law explains the algebraic sum of all branch voltages around a loop and all branch currents entering or leaving node.(References polarities and references directions are taken into account). Kirchhoff’s current Laws(KCL) Kirchhoff’s voltage Laws(KVL) 1.Kirchhoff’s current Laws(KCL) Kirchhoff’s current … Read more